Fix ZTS crashes with persistent resources in modules

[nielsdos]

On shutdown in ZTS the following happens:

• https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/master/Zend/zend.c#L1124-L1125 gets executed. This destroys global persistent resources and destroys the modules. Furthermore, the modules are unloaded too.
• Further down, ts_free_id(executor_globals_id) gets executed, which calls executor_globals_dtor. This function destroys persistent resources for each thread.

Notice that in the last step, the modules that the persistent resource belong to may already have been destroyed. This means that accessing globals will cause a crash (I previously fixed that for statically loaded modules with ifdef magic), or when the module is dynamically loaded we'll try jumping to a destructor that is no longer loaded in memory. These scenarios cause crashes.

It's not possible to move the ts_free_id call upwards, because that may break assumptions of callers, and furthermore this would deallocate the executor globals structure, which means that any access to those will cause a segfault.

This patch adds a new API to the TSRM that allows running a callback on a certain resource type. We use this API to destroy the persistent resources in all threads prior to the module destruction, and keep the rest of the executor dtor intact.

I verified this fix on Apache with postgres, tested both with dynamically and statically loaded modules.

I tried to think of other ideas, but I couldn't find other simple ones that won't break BC.

Important: This patch is only for master because it changes public API and might be slightly dangerous.
For stable branches I propose https://gist.github.com/nielsdos/338774e915a1b528eaa8bd68ba7cc54c which is safer and does not change public API.

Fixes GH-12974. Although the issue only mentions postgres, other modules are affected too.

[dstogov]

This probably may be changed into (I'm not completely sure)

#ifndef ZTS
	zend_destroy_rsrc_list(&EG(persistent_list));
#else
	ts_callback_id(executor_globals_id, executor_globals_persistent_list_dtor);
#endif

[nielsdos]

I just quickly tested this by printing out all the lists that get destroyed, and I see that it now misses the global_persistent_list whereas it previously was destroyed by zend_destroy_rsrc_list(&EG(persistent_list));. So this seems wrong.

[dstogov]

I would propose to think about a better name. e.g. ts_apply_for_id()

[dstogov]

In general this looks right.

I thought, that extensions might be responsible to destroy their resources in all threads before unloading (through GSHUTDOWN, but this may be to later). Anyway, this would only "fix" extensions loaded by dl(), and this is already not compatible with ZTS.

Please, think in this direction a bit.
In any case the patch looks good enough.

[nielsdos]

I had thought of destroying persistent resources via module shutdown code, but it seems modules currently do not do that.
I thought of using zend_clean_module_rsrc_dtors but that API is not public.
I also thought that it is the engine's responsibility to destroy those resources because of the code for destroying persistent resources in zend_shutdown.