diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
index fdf49447713f..766d1940b400 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/Desugar.scala
@@ -476,6 +476,8 @@ object desugar {
         val (enumCases, enumStats) = stats.partition(DesugarEnums.isEnumCase)
         if (enumCases.isEmpty)
           report.error(EnumerationsShouldNotBeEmpty(cdef), namePos)
+        else
+          enumCases.last.pushAttachment(DesugarEnums.DefinesEnumLookupMethods, ())
         val enumCompanionRef = TermRefTree()
         val enumImport =
           Import(enumCompanionRef, enumCases.flatMap(caseIds).map(ImportSelector(_)))
@@ -568,7 +570,7 @@ object desugar {
     // Note: copy default parameters need @uncheckedVariance; see
     // neg/t1843-variances.scala for a test case. The test would give
     // two errors without @uncheckedVariance, one of them spurious.
-    val caseClassMeths = {
+    val (caseClassMeths, enumScaffolding) = {
       def syntheticProperty(name: TermName, tpt: Tree, rhs: Tree) =
         DefDef(name, Nil, Nil, tpt, rhs).withMods(synthetic)
 
@@ -586,9 +588,11 @@ object desugar {
         yield syntheticProperty(selName, caseParams(i).tpt,
           Select(This(EmptyTypeIdent), caseParams(i).name))
 
-      def enumMeths =
-        if (isEnumCase) ordinalMethLit(nextOrdinal(CaseKind.Class)._1) :: enumLabelLit(className.toString) :: Nil
-        else Nil
+      def enumCaseMeths =
+        if isEnumCase then
+          val (ordinal, scaffolding) = nextOrdinal(className, CaseKind.Class, definesEnumLookupMethods(cdef))
+          (ordinalMethLit(ordinal) :: enumLabelLit(className.toString) :: Nil, scaffolding)
+        else (Nil, Nil)
       def copyMeths = {
         val hasRepeatedParam = constrVparamss.exists(_.exists {
           case ValDef(_, tpt, _) => isRepeated(tpt)
@@ -607,8 +611,9 @@ object desugar {
       }
 
       if (isCaseClass)
-        copyMeths ::: enumMeths ::: productElemMeths
-      else Nil
+        val (enumMeths, enumScaffolding) = enumCaseMeths
+        (copyMeths ::: enumMeths ::: productElemMeths, enumScaffolding)
+      else (Nil, Nil)
     }
 
     var parents1 = parents
@@ -809,7 +814,7 @@ object desugar {
       case _ =>
     }
 
-    flatTree(cdef1 :: companions ::: implicitWrappers)
+    flatTree(cdef1 :: companions ::: implicitWrappers ::: enumScaffolding)
   }.reporting(i"desugared: $result", Printers.desugar)
 
   /** Expand
@@ -862,7 +867,7 @@ object desugar {
     else if (isEnumCase) {
       typeParamIsReferenced(enumClass.typeParams, Nil, Nil, impl.parents)
         // used to check there are no illegal references to enum's type parameters in parents
-      expandEnumModule(moduleName, impl, mods, mdef.span)
+      expandEnumModule(moduleName, impl, mods, definesEnumLookupMethods(mdef), mdef.span)
     }
     else {
       val clsName = moduleName.moduleClassName
@@ -990,6 +995,12 @@ object desugar {
 
   private def inventTypeName(tree: Tree)(using Context): String = typeNameExtractor("", tree)
 
+  /**This will check if this def tree is marked to define enum lookup methods,
+   * this is not recommended to call more than once per tree
+   */
+  private def definesEnumLookupMethods(ddef: DefTree): Boolean =
+    ddef.removeAttachment(DefinesEnumLookupMethods).isDefined
+
   /**     val p1, ..., pN: T = E
    *  ==>
    *      makePatDef[[val p1: T1 = E]]; ...; makePatDef[[val pN: TN = E]]
@@ -1001,11 +1012,15 @@ object desugar {
   def patDef(pdef: PatDef)(using Context): Tree = flatTree {
     val PatDef(mods, pats, tpt, rhs) = pdef
     if (mods.isEnumCase)
-      pats map {
-        case id: Ident =>
-          expandSimpleEnumCase(id.name.asTermName, mods,
+      def expand(id: Ident, definesLookups: Boolean) =
+        expandSimpleEnumCase(id.name.asTermName, mods, definesLookups,
             Span(id.span.start, id.span.end, id.span.start))
-      }
+
+      val ids = pats.asInstanceOf[List[Ident]]
+      if definesEnumLookupMethods(pdef) then
+        ids.init.map(expand(_, false)) ::: expand(ids.last, true) :: Nil
+      else
+        ids.map(expand(_, false))
     else {
       val pats1 = if (tpt.isEmpty) pats else pats map (Typed(_, tpt))
       pats1 map (makePatDef(pdef, mods, _, rhs))
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/DesugarEnums.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/DesugarEnums.scala
index fc9c843f0e3e..6a2fa80d6e66 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/DesugarEnums.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/ast/DesugarEnums.scala
@@ -20,8 +20,15 @@ object DesugarEnums {
     val Simple, Object, Class: Value = Value
   }
 
-  /** Attachment containing the number of enum cases and the smallest kind that was seen so far. */
-  val EnumCaseCount: Property.Key[(Int, DesugarEnums.CaseKind.Value)] = Property.Key()
+  /** Attachment containing the number of enum cases, the smallest kind that was seen so far,
+   *  and a list of all the value cases with their ordinals.
+   */
+  val EnumCaseCount: Property.Key[(Int, CaseKind.Value, List[(Int, TermName)])] = Property.Key()
+
+  /** Attachment signalling that when this definition is desugared, it should add any additional
+   *  lookup methods for enums.
+   */
+  val DefinesEnumLookupMethods: Property.Key[Unit] = Property.Key()
 
   /** The enumeration class that belongs to an enum case. This works no matter
    *  whether the case is still in the enum class or it has been transferred to the
@@ -122,6 +129,21 @@ object DesugarEnums {
     valueOfDef :: Nil
   }
 
+  private def enumLookupMethods(cases: List[(Int, TermName)])(using Context): List[Tree] =
+    if isJavaEnum || cases.isEmpty then Nil
+    else
+      val defaultCase =
+        val ord = Ident(nme.ordinal)
+        val err = Throw(New(TypeTree(defn.IndexOutOfBoundsException.typeRef), List(Select(ord, nme.toString_) :: Nil)))
+        CaseDef(ord, EmptyTree, err)
+      val valueCases = cases.map((i, name) =>
+        CaseDef(Literal(Constant(i)), EmptyTree, Ident(name))
+      ) ::: defaultCase :: Nil
+      val fromOrdinalDef = DefDef(nme.fromOrdinalDollar, Nil, List(param(nme.ordinalDollar_, defn.IntType) :: Nil),
+        rawRef(enumClass.typeRef), Match(Ident(nme.ordinalDollar_), valueCases))
+          .withFlags(Synthetic | Private)
+      fromOrdinalDef :: Nil
+
   /** A creation method for a value of enum type `E`, which is defined as follows:
    *
    *   private def $new(_$ordinal: Int, $name: String) = new E with scala.runtime.EnumValue {
@@ -256,16 +278,22 @@ object DesugarEnums {
    *   - scaffolding containing the necessary definitions for singleton enum cases
    *     unless that scaffolding was already generated by a previous call to `nextEnumKind`.
    */
-  def nextOrdinal(kind: CaseKind.Value)(using Context): (Int, List[Tree]) = {
-    val (count, seenKind) = ctx.tree.removeAttachment(EnumCaseCount).getOrElse((0, CaseKind.Class))
-    val minKind = if (kind < seenKind) kind else seenKind
-    ctx.tree.pushAttachment(EnumCaseCount, (count + 1, minKind))
-    val scaffolding =
+  def nextOrdinal(name: Name, kind: CaseKind.Value, definesLookups: Boolean)(using Context): (Int, List[Tree]) = {
+    val (ordinal, seenKind, seenCases) = ctx.tree.removeAttachment(EnumCaseCount).getOrElse((0, CaseKind.Class, Nil))
+    val minKind = if kind < seenKind then kind else seenKind
+    val cases = name match
+      case name: TermName => (ordinal, name) :: seenCases
+      case _              => seenCases
+    ctx.tree.pushAttachment(EnumCaseCount, (ordinal + 1, minKind, cases))
+    val scaffolding0 =
       if (kind >= seenKind) Nil
       else if (kind == CaseKind.Object) enumScaffolding
       else if (seenKind == CaseKind.Object) enumValueCreator :: Nil
       else enumScaffolding :+ enumValueCreator
-    (count, scaffolding)
+    val scaffolding =
+      if definesLookups then scaffolding0 ::: enumLookupMethods(cases.reverse)
+      else scaffolding0
+    (ordinal, scaffolding)
   }
 
   def param(name: TermName, typ: Type)(using Context) =
@@ -286,13 +314,13 @@ object DesugarEnums {
     enumLabelMeth(Literal(Constant(name)))
 
   /** Expand a module definition representing a parameterless enum case */
-  def expandEnumModule(name: TermName, impl: Template, mods: Modifiers, span: Span)(using Context): Tree = {
+  def expandEnumModule(name: TermName, impl: Template, mods: Modifiers, definesLookups: Boolean, span: Span)(using Context): Tree = {
     assert(impl.body.isEmpty)
     if (!enumClass.exists) EmptyTree
     else if (impl.parents.isEmpty)
-      expandSimpleEnumCase(name, mods, span)
+      expandSimpleEnumCase(name, mods, definesLookups, span)
     else {
-      val (tag, scaffolding) = nextOrdinal(CaseKind.Object)
+      val (tag, scaffolding) = nextOrdinal(name, CaseKind.Object, definesLookups)
       val ordinalDef   = if isJavaEnum then Nil else ordinalMethLit(tag) :: Nil
       val enumLabelDef = enumLabelLit(name.toString)
       val impl1 = cpy.Template(impl)(
@@ -305,15 +333,15 @@ object DesugarEnums {
   }
 
   /** Expand a simple enum case */
-  def expandSimpleEnumCase(name: TermName, mods: Modifiers, span: Span)(using Context): Tree =
+  def expandSimpleEnumCase(name: TermName, mods: Modifiers, definesLookups: Boolean, span: Span)(using Context): Tree =
     if (!enumClass.exists) EmptyTree
     else if (enumClass.typeParams.nonEmpty) {
       val parent = interpolatedEnumParent(span)
       val impl = Template(emptyConstructor, parent :: Nil, Nil, EmptyValDef, Nil)
-      expandEnumModule(name, impl, mods, span)
+      expandEnumModule(name, impl, mods, definesLookups, span)
     }
     else {
-      val (tag, scaffolding) = nextOrdinal(CaseKind.Simple)
+      val (tag, scaffolding) = nextOrdinal(name, CaseKind.Simple, definesLookups)
       val creator = Apply(Ident(nme.DOLLAR_NEW), List(Literal(Constant(tag)), Literal(Constant(name.toString))))
       val vdef = ValDef(name, enumClassRef, creator).withMods(mods.withAddedFlags(EnumValue, span))
       flatTree(scaffolding ::: vdef :: Nil).withSpan(span)
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/StdNames.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/StdNames.scala
index 7e69d9488675..4670ee104e3a 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/StdNames.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/core/StdNames.scala
@@ -615,6 +615,7 @@ object StdNames {
     val using: N                = "using"
     val value: N                = "value"
     val valueOf : N             = "valueOf"
+    val fromOrdinalDollar: N    = "$fromOrdinal"
     val values: N               = "values"
     val view_ : N               = "view"
     val wait_ : N               = "wait"
@@ -623,6 +624,7 @@ object StdNames {
     val WorksheetWrapper: N     = "WorksheetWrapper"
     val wrap: N                 = "wrap"
     val writeReplace: N         = "writeReplace"
+    val readResolve: N          = "readResolve"
     val zero: N                 = "zero"
     val zip: N                  = "zip"
     val nothingRuntimeClass: N  = "scala.runtime.Nothing$"
diff --git a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/SyntheticMembers.scala b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/SyntheticMembers.scala
index 4910949ead1a..6218818150b0 100644
--- a/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/SyntheticMembers.scala
+++ b/compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/SyntheticMembers.scala
@@ -373,10 +373,19 @@ class SyntheticMembers(thisPhase: DenotTransformer) {
       .filterWithPredicate(s => s.signature == Signature(defn.AnyRefType, isJava = false))
       .exists
 
+  private def hasReadResolve(clazz: ClassSymbol)(using Context): Boolean =
+    clazz.membersNamed(nme.readResolve)
+      .filterWithPredicate(s => s.signature == Signature(defn.AnyRefType, isJava = false))
+      .exists
+
   private def writeReplaceDef(clazz: ClassSymbol)(using Context): TermSymbol =
     newSymbol(clazz, nme.writeReplace, Method | Private | Synthetic,
         MethodType(Nil, defn.AnyRefType), coord = clazz.coord).entered.asTerm
 
+  private def readResolveDef(clazz: ClassSymbol)(using Context): TermSymbol =
+    newSymbol(clazz, nme.readResolve, Method | Private | Synthetic,
+        MethodType(Nil, defn.AnyRefType), coord = clazz.coord).entered.asTerm
+
   /** If this is a static object `Foo`, add the method:
    *
    *      private def writeReplace(): AnyRef =
@@ -405,8 +414,8 @@ class SyntheticMembers(thisPhase: DenotTransformer) {
   /** If this is the class backing a serializable singleton enum value with base class `MyEnum`,
    *  and not deriving from `java.lang.Enum` add the method:
    *
-   *      private def writeReplace(): AnyRef =
-   *        new scala.runtime.EnumValueSerializationProxy(classOf[MyEnum], this.ordinal)
+   *      private def readResolve(): AnyRef =
+   *        MyEnum.$fromOrdinal(this.ordinal)
    *
    *  unless an implementation already exists, otherwise do nothing.
    */
@@ -414,13 +423,13 @@ class SyntheticMembers(thisPhase: DenotTransformer) {
     if clazz.isEnumValueImplementation
       && !clazz.derivesFrom(defn.JavaEnumClass)
       && clazz.isSerializable
-      && !hasWriteReplace(clazz)
+      && !hasReadResolve(clazz)
     then
       List(
-        DefDef(writeReplaceDef(clazz),
-          _ => New(defn.EnumValueSerializationProxyClass.typeRef,
-                   defn.EnumValueSerializationProxyConstructor,
-                   List(Literal(Constant(clazz.classParents.head)), This(clazz).select(nme.ordinal).ensureApplied)))
+        DefDef(readResolveDef(clazz),
+          _ => ref(clazz.owner.owner.sourceModule)
+                .select(nme.fromOrdinalDollar)
+                .appliedTo(This(clazz).select(nme.ordinal).ensureApplied))
           .withSpan(ctx.owner.span.focus))
     else
       Nil
diff --git a/library/src/scala/runtime/EnumValueSerializationProxy.java b/library/src-non-bootstrapped/scala/runtime/EnumValueSerializationProxy.java
similarity index 100%
rename from library/src/scala/runtime/EnumValueSerializationProxy.java
rename to library/src-non-bootstrapped/scala/runtime/EnumValueSerializationProxy.java
diff --git a/tests/run/enums-serialization-compat.scala b/tests/run/enums-serialization-compat.scala
index 7224b67d5f80..940e726c05a0 100644
--- a/tests/run/enums-serialization-compat.scala
+++ b/tests/run/enums-serialization-compat.scala
@@ -2,22 +2,49 @@ import java.io._
 import scala.util.Using
 
 enum JColor extends java.lang.Enum[JColor]:
-  case Red
+  case Red // java enum has magic JVM support
 
 enum SColor:
-  case Green
+  case Green // simple case last
 
 enum SColorTagged[T]:
-  case Blue extends SColorTagged[Unit]
+  case Blue                                     extends SColorTagged[Unit]
+  case Rgb(r: Byte, g: Byte, b: Byte)           extends SColorTagged[(Byte, Byte, Byte)] // mixing pattern kinds
+  case Indigo                                   extends SColorTagged[Unit]
+  case Cmyk(c: Byte, m: Byte, y: Byte, k: Byte) extends SColorTagged[(Byte, Byte, Byte, Byte)] // class case last
+
+enum Nucleobase:
+  case A,C,G,T // patdef last
+
+enum MyClassTag[T](wrapped: Class[?]):
+  case IntTag  extends MyClassTag[Int](classOf[Int])
+  case UnitTag extends MyClassTag[Unit](classOf[Unit]) // value case last
+
+extension (ref: AnyRef) def aliases(compare: AnyRef) = assert(ref eq compare, compare)
 
 @main def Test = Using.Manager({ use =>
   val buf = use(ByteArrayOutputStream())
   val out = use(ObjectOutputStream(buf))
-  Seq(JColor.Red, SColor.Green, SColorTagged.Blue).foreach(out.writeObject)
+  Seq(JColor.Red, SColor.Green, SColorTagged.Blue, SColorTagged.Indigo).foreach(out.writeObject)
+  Seq(Nucleobase.A, Nucleobase.C, Nucleobase.G, Nucleobase.T).foreach(out.writeObject)
+  Seq(MyClassTag.IntTag, MyClassTag.UnitTag).foreach(out.writeObject)
   val read = use(ByteArrayInputStream(buf.toByteArray))
   val in   = use(ObjectInputStream(read))
-  val Seq(Red @ _, Green @ _, Blue @ _) = (1 to 3).map(_ => in.readObject)
-  assert(Red eq JColor.Red, JColor.Red)
-  assert(Green eq SColor.Green, SColor.Green)
-  assert(Blue eq SColorTagged.Blue, SColorTagged.Blue)
+
+  val Seq(Red @ _, Green @ _, Blue @ _, Indigo @ _) = (1 to 4).map(_ => in.readObject)
+  Red    aliases JColor.Red
+  Green  aliases SColor.Green
+  Blue   aliases SColorTagged.Blue
+  Indigo aliases SColorTagged.Indigo
+
+  val Seq(A @ _, C @ _, G @ _, T @ _) = (1 to 4).map(_ => in.readObject)
+  A aliases Nucleobase.A
+  C aliases Nucleobase.C
+  G aliases Nucleobase.G
+  T aliases Nucleobase.T
+
+  val Seq(IntTag @ _, UnitTag @ _) = (1 to 2).map(_ => in.readObject)
+  IntTag  aliases MyClassTag.IntTag
+  UnitTag aliases MyClassTag.UnitTag
+
 }).get
diff --git a/tests/semanticdb/metac.expect b/tests/semanticdb/metac.expect
index 675a0b1f1288..6bbfad8b94d9 100644
--- a/tests/semanticdb/metac.expect
+++ b/tests/semanticdb/metac.expect
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ Schema => SemanticDB v4
 Uri => Enums.scala
 Text => empty
 Language => Scala
-Symbols => 169 entries
+Symbols => 183 entries
 Occurrences => 203 entries
 
 Symbols:
@@ -651,6 +651,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Coin#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Coin#`<init>`().(value) => param value
 _empty_/Enums.Coin#value. => val method value
 _empty_/Enums.Coin. => final object Coin
+_empty_/Enums.Coin.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Coin.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Coin.$values. => val method $values
 _empty_/Enums.Coin.Dime. => case val static enum method Dime
 _empty_/Enums.Coin.Dollar. => case val static enum method Dollar
@@ -663,6 +665,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Coin.values(). => method values
 _empty_/Enums.Colour# => abstract sealed enum class Colour
 _empty_/Enums.Colour#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Colour. => final object Colour
+_empty_/Enums.Colour.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Colour.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Colour.$new(). => method $new
 _empty_/Enums.Colour.$new().($name) => param $name
 _empty_/Enums.Colour.$new().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
@@ -676,6 +680,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Colour.values(). => method values
 _empty_/Enums.Directions# => abstract sealed enum class Directions
 _empty_/Enums.Directions#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Directions. => final object Directions
+_empty_/Enums.Directions.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Directions.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Directions.$new(). => method $new
 _empty_/Enums.Directions.$new().($name) => param $name
 _empty_/Enums.Directions.$new().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
@@ -691,6 +697,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Maybe# => abstract sealed enum class Maybe
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe#[A] => covariant typeparam A
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe. => final object Maybe
+_empty_/Enums.Maybe.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Maybe.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe.$values. => val method $values
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe.Just# => final case enum class Just
 _empty_/Enums.Maybe.Just#[A] => typeparam A
@@ -743,6 +751,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Planet.values(). => method values
 _empty_/Enums.Suits# => abstract sealed enum class Suits
 _empty_/Enums.Suits#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Suits. => final object Suits
+_empty_/Enums.Suits.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Suits.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Suits.$new(). => method $new
 _empty_/Enums.Suits.$new().($name) => param $name
 _empty_/Enums.Suits.$new().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
@@ -763,6 +773,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Tag# => abstract sealed enum class Tag
 _empty_/Enums.Tag#[A] => typeparam A
 _empty_/Enums.Tag#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.Tag. => final object Tag
+_empty_/Enums.Tag.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.Tag.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.Tag.$values. => val method $values
 _empty_/Enums.Tag.BooleanTag. => case val static enum method BooleanTag
 _empty_/Enums.Tag.IntTag. => case val static enum method IntTag
@@ -772,6 +784,8 @@ _empty_/Enums.Tag.values(). => method values
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays# => abstract sealed enum class WeekDays
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays#`<init>`(). => primary ctor <init>
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays. => final object WeekDays
+_empty_/Enums.WeekDays.$fromOrdinal(). => method $fromOrdinal
+_empty_/Enums.WeekDays.$fromOrdinal().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays.$new(). => method $new
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays.$new().($name) => param $name
 _empty_/Enums.WeekDays.$new().(_$ordinal) => param _$ordinal