Stabilize order of annotations in the class file

Regressed in scala#6846, which added support for encoding repeated
annotations.

Test failure before replacing `groupBy` with `LinkedHashMap`:

```
$ sbt junit/testOnly scala.tools.nsc.DeterminismTest
...
java.lang.AssertionError: assertion failed: Difference detected between recompiling List(b.scala, Annot1.java) Run:
jardiff -r /var/folders/tz/p8vd07wn7wxck3b9v54grlzw0000gp/T/reference814657788418452571 /var/folders/tz/p8vd07wn7wxck3b9v54grlzw0000gp/T/recompileOutput4882243280168823330

$ jardiff -r /var/folders/tz/p8vd07wn7wxck3b9v54grlzw0000gp/T/reference814657788418452571 /var/folders/tz/p8vd07wn7wxck3b9v54grlzw0000gp/T/recompileOutput4882243280168823330
diff --git a/Test.class.asm b/Test.class.asm
index 98bfd80..a056f9a 100644
--- a/Test.class.asm
+++ b/Test.class.asm
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@

   // compiled from: b.scala

-  @LAnnot2;(value=java.lang.Object.class)
-
   @LAnnot1;(value="foo")

+  @LAnnot2;(value=java.lang.Object.class)
+
   @Lscala/reflect/ScalaSignature;(bytes="\u0006\u0001u1AAA\u0002\u0001\r!)Q\u0002\u0001C\u0001\u001d\u0009!A+Z:u\u0015\u0005!\u0011a\u0002\u001ff[B$\u0018PP\u0002\u0001'\u0009\u0001q\u0001\u0005\u0002\u0009\u00175\u0009\u0011BC\u0001\u000b\u0003\u0015\u00198-\u00197b\u0013\u0009a\u0011B\u0001\u0004B]f\u0014VMZ\u0001\u0007y%t\u0017\u000e\u001e \u0015\u0003=\u0001\"\u0001\u0005\u0001\u000e\u0003\rAC\u0001\u0001\n\u0016-A\u0011\u0001cE\u0005\u0003)\r\u0011a!\u00118o_R\u0014\u0014!\u0002<bYV,7%A\u0004)\u0009\u0001ARc\u0007\u0009\u0003!eI!AG\u0002\u0003\r\u0005sgn\u001c;2C\u0005a\u0012a\u00014p_\u0002")
```

WIP stabilize annotation ordering

Author: retronym

src/compiler/scala/tools/nsc/typechecker/RefChecks.scala

@@ -1436,11 +1436,14 @@ abstract class RefChecks extends Transform {
           checkTypeRefBounds(ann.tpe, tree)
         }
 
-        annots
-          .map(_.transformArgs(transformTrees))
-          .groupBy(_.symbol)
-          .flatMap((groupRepeatableAnnotations _).tupled)
-          .toList
+        val annotsBySymbol = new mutable.LinkedHashMap[Symbol, ListBuffer[AnnotationInfo]]()
+        val transformedAnnots = annots.map(_.transformArgs(transformTrees))
+        for (transformedAnnot <- transformedAnnots) {
+          val buffer = annotsBySymbol.getOrElseUpdate(transformedAnnot.symbol, new ListBuffer)
+          buffer += transformedAnnot
+        }
+        val result = annotsBySymbol.iterator.flatMap(x => groupRepeatableAnnotations(x._1, x._2.toList)).toList
+        result
       }
 
       // assumes non-empty `anns`

test/junit/scala/tools/nsc/DeterminismTest.scala

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 package scala.tools.nsc
 
+import java.io.{File, OutputStreamWriter}
+import java.nio.charset.Charset
 import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes
 import java.nio.file.{FileVisitResult, Files, Path, SimpleFileVisitor}
 import java.util
 
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider
 import org.junit.Test
 
-import scala.collection.JavaConverters.asScalaIteratorConverter
+import scala.collection.JavaConverters.{asScalaIteratorConverter, seqAsJavaListConverter}
 import scala.language.implicitConversions
 import scala.reflect.internal.util.{BatchSourceFile, SourceFile}
 import scala.reflect.io.PlainNioFile
@@ -187,6 +190,48 @@ class DeterminismTest {
     test(List(code))
   }
 
+  @Test def testAnnotations1(): Unit = {
+    def code = List[SourceFile](
+      source("a.scala",
+        """
+          |class Annot1(s: String) extends scala.annotation.StaticAnnotation
+          |class Annot2(s: Class[_]) extends scala.annotation.StaticAnnotation
+          |
+      """.stripMargin),
+      source("b.scala",
+        """
+          |@Annot1("foo")
+          |@Annot2(classOf[AnyRef])
+          |class Test
+        """.stripMargin)
+    )
+    test(List(code))
+  }
+
+  @Test def testAnnotationsJava(): Unit = {
+    def code = List[SourceFile](
+      source("Annot1.java",
+        """
+          |import java.lang.annotation.*;
+          |@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+          |@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
+          |@Inherited
+          |@interface Annot1 { String value() default ""; }
+          |
+          |@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+          |@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
+          |@Inherited
+          |@interface Annot2 { Class value(); }
+          |
+      """.stripMargin),
+      source("b.scala",
+        """
+          |@Annot1("foo") @Annot2(classOf[AnyRef]) class Test
+        """.stripMargin)
+    )
+    test(List(code))
+  }
+
   def source(name: String, code: String): SourceFile = new BatchSourceFile(name, code)
   private def test(groups: List[List[SourceFile]]): Unit = {
     val referenceOutput = Files.createTempDirectory("reference")
@@ -203,6 +248,21 @@ class DeterminismTest {
       // println("scalac " + files.mkString(" "))
       r.compileSources(files)
       assert(!storeReporter.hasErrors, storeReporter.infos.mkString("\n"))
+      files.filter(_.file.name.endsWith(".java")) match {
+        case Nil =>
+        case javaSources =>
+          def tempFileFor(s: SourceFile): Path = {
+            val f = output.resolve(s.file.name)
+            Files.write(f, new String(s.content).getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()))
+          }
+          val options = List("-d", output.toString)
+          val javac = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler
+          val fileMan = javac.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null)
+          val javaFileObjects = fileMan.getJavaFileObjects(javaSources.map(s => tempFileFor(s).toAbsolutePath.toString): _*)
+          val task = javac.getTask(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out), fileMan, null, options.asJava, Nil.asJava, javaFileObjects)
+          val result = task.call()
+          assert(result)
+      }
     }
 
     for (group <- groups.init) {