diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index c6500ddd..0276e7c1 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 ### Added
 
 ### Changed
-* Refactored documentation
+- Refactored documentation
+
 ### Deprecated
 
 ### Removed
+- Display Manager became no longer necessary with Arduino 1.8.X
 
 ### Fixed
 
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd.rb
index b3b671df..78208fbd 100644
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd.rb
+++ b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd.rb
@@ -113,18 +113,6 @@ def set_pref(key, value)
       success
     end
 
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [bool] whether the command succeeded
-    def _run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      raise "Ian needs to implement this in a subclass #{args} #{kwargs}"
-    end
-
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [Hash] keys for :success, :out, and :err
-    def _run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      raise "Ian needs to implement this in a subclass #{args} #{kwargs}"
-    end
-
     def _wrap_run(work_fn, *args, **kwargs)
       # do some work to extract & merge environment variables if they exist
       has_env = !args.empty? && args[0].class == Hash
@@ -140,13 +128,13 @@ def _wrap_run(work_fn, *args, **kwargs)
 
     # build and run the arduino command
     def run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      _wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| _run_and_output(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
+      _wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| Host.run_and_output(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
     end
 
     # run a command and capture its output
     # @return [Hash] {:out => String, :err => String, :success => bool}
     def run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      ret = _wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| _run_and_capture(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
+      ret = _wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| Host.run_and_capture(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
       @last_err = ret[:err]
       @last_out = ret[:out]
       ret
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux.rb
index 04888077..4485162a 100644
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux.rb
+++ b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 require 'arduino_ci/arduino_cmd'
-require 'arduino_ci/display_manager'
+require 'timeout'
 
 module ArduinoCI
 
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ class ArduinoCmdLinux < ArduinoCmd
     def initialize
       super
       @prefs_response_time = nil
-      @display_mgr         = DisplayManager::instance
     end
 
     # fetch preferences in their raw form
@@ -38,18 +37,6 @@ def _lib_dir
       File.join(get_pref("sketchbook.path"), "libraries")
     end
 
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [bool] whether the command succeeded
-    def _run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      @display_mgr.run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [Hash] keys for :success, :out, and :err
-    def _run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      @display_mgr.run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
     def run_with_gui_guess(message, *args, **kwargs)
       # On Travis CI, we get an error message in the GUI instead of on STDERR
       # so, assume that if we don't get a rapid reply that things are not installed
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux_builder.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux_builder.rb
index 486f85f0..b4509b6d 100644
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux_builder.rb
+++ b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_linux_builder.rb
@@ -20,18 +20,6 @@ def _lib_dir
       File.join(get_pref("sketchbook.path"), "libraries")
     end
 
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [bool] whether the command succeeded
-    def _run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [Hash] keys for :success, :out, and :err
-    def _run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
   end
 
 end
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_osx.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_osx.rb
index b8d7ad3e..26f8fc82 100644
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_osx.rb
+++ b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_osx.rb
@@ -13,18 +13,6 @@ class ArduinoCmdOSX < ArduinoCmd
     flag :install_library, "--install-library"
     flag :verify,          "--verify"
 
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [bool] whether the command succeeded
-    def _run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [Hash] keys for :success, :out, and :err
-    def _run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
     def _lib_dir
       File.join(ENV['HOME'], "Documents", "Arduino", "libraries")
     end
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_windows.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_windows.rb
index 52be6f12..e542dd4d 100644
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_windows.rb
+++ b/lib/arduino_ci/arduino_cmd_windows.rb
@@ -13,18 +13,6 @@ class ArduinoCmdWindows < ArduinoCmd
     flag :install_library, "--install-library"
     flag :verify,          "--verify"
 
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [bool] whether the command succeeded
-    def _run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # run the arduino command
-    # @return [Hash] keys for :success, :out, and :err
-    def _run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      Host.run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
     def _lib_dir
       File.join(ENV['userprofile'], "Documents", "Arduino", "libraries")
     end
diff --git a/lib/arduino_ci/display_manager.rb b/lib/arduino_ci/display_manager.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index e215a54d..00000000
--- a/lib/arduino_ci/display_manager.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-require 'arduino_ci/host'
-require 'singleton'
-require 'timeout'
-
-DESIRED_DISPLAY = ":1.0".freeze
-
-module ArduinoCI
-
-  # When arduino commands run, they need a graphical display.
-  # This class handles the setup of that display, if needed.
-  class DisplayManager
-    include Singleton
-
-    # @return [bool] whether the display manager is currently active
-    attr_reader :enabled
-
-    # @return [bool] whether to log messages to the terminal
-    attr_accessor :debug
-
-    def initialize
-      @existing = existing_display?
-      @enabled = false
-      @pid = nil
-      @debug = false
-
-      # pipes for input and output
-      @xv_pipe_out_wr = nil
-      @xv_pipe_err_wr = nil
-      @xv_pipe_out    = nil
-      @xv_pipe_err    = nil
-    end
-
-    # attempt to determine if the machine is running a graphical display (i.e. not Travis)
-    # @return [bool] whether there is already a GUI that can accept windows
-    def existing_display?
-      return true  if RUBY_PLATFORM.include? "darwin"
-      return true  if Host.os == :windows
-      return false if ENV["DISPLAY"].nil?
-      return true  if ENV["DISPLAY"].include? ":"
-      false
-    end
-
-    # check whether a process is alive
-    # https://stackoverflow.com/a/32513298/2063546
-    # @param pid [Int] the process ID
-    # @return [bool]
-    def alive?(pid)
-      Process.kill(0, pid)
-      true
-    rescue
-      false
-    end
-
-    # check whether an X server is taking connections
-    # @param display [String] the display variable as it would be specified in the environment
-    # @return [bool]
-    def xserver_exist?(display)
-      system({ "DISPLAY" => display }, "xdpyinfo", out: File::NULL, err: File::NULL)
-    end
-
-    # wait for the xvfb command to launch
-    # @param display [String] the value of the DISPLAY env var
-    # @param pid [Int] the process of Xvfb
-    # @param timeout [Int] the timeout in seconds
-    # @return [Bool] whether we detected a launch
-    def xvfb_launched?(display, pid, timeout)
-      Timeout.timeout(timeout) do
-        loop do
-          unless alive? pid
-            puts "Xvfb process has died"
-            return false
-          end
-          x = xserver_exist? display
-          puts "xdpyinfo reports X server status as #{x}" if debug
-          return true if x
-          sleep(0.1)
-        end
-      end
-    rescue Timeout::Error
-      false
-    end
-
-    # enable a virtual display
-    def enable
-      if @existing
-        puts "DisplayManager enable: no-op for what appears to be an existing display" if debug
-        @enabled = true
-        return
-      end
-
-      return unless @pid.nil?  # TODO: disable first?
-      @xv_pipe_out.close unless @xv_pipe_out.nil?
-      @xv_pipe_err.close unless @xv_pipe_err.nil?
-
-      # open Xvfb
-      xvfb_cmd = [
-        "Xvfb",
-        "+extension", "RANDR",
-        ":1",
-        "-ac",
-        "-screen", "0",
-        "1280x1024x16",
-      ]
-      puts "Xvfb launching" if debug
-
-      @xv_pipe_out, @xv_pipe_out_wr = IO.pipe
-      @xv_pipe_err, @xv_pipe_err_wr = IO.pipe
-      pipe = IO.popen(xvfb_cmd, stdout: @xv_pipe_out_wr, err: @xv_pipe_err_wr)
-      @pid = pipe.pid
-      @enabled = xvfb_launched?(DESIRED_DISPLAY, @pid, 30)
-    end
-
-    # disable the virtual display
-    def disable
-      if @existing
-        puts "DisplayManager disable: no-op for what appears to be an existing display" if debug
-        return @enabled = false
-      end
-
-      return @enabled = false if @pid.nil?
-
-      # https://www.whatastruggle.com/timeout-a-subprocess-in-ruby
-      begin
-        Timeout.timeout(30) do
-          Process.kill("TERM", @pid)
-          puts "Xvfb TERMed" if debug
-        end
-      rescue Timeout::Error
-        Process.kill(9, @pid)
-        puts "Xvfb KILLed" if debug
-      ensure
-        Process.wait @pid
-        @enabled = false
-        @pid = nil
-
-        @xv_pipe_out_wr.close
-        @xv_pipe_err_wr.close
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Enable a virtual display for the duration of the given block
-    # @yield [environment] The code to execute within the display environment
-    # @yieldparam [Hash] the environment variables relating to the display
-    def with_display
-      was_enabled = @enabled
-      enable unless was_enabled
-      begin
-        yield environment
-      ensure
-        disable unless was_enabled
-      end
-    end
-
-    def wrap_run(work_fn, *args, **kwargs)
-      ret = nil
-      # do some work to extract & merge environment variables if they exist
-      has_env = !args.empty? && args[0].class == Hash
-      with_display do |env_vars|
-        env_vars = {} if env_vars.nil?
-        env_vars.merge!(args[0]) if has_env
-        actual_args = has_env ? args[1..-1] : args  # need to shift over if we extracted args
-        full_cmd = env_vars.empty? ? actual_args : [env_vars] + actual_args
-        ret = work_fn.call(*full_cmd, **kwargs)
-      end
-      ret
-    end
-
-    # run a command in a display, outputting to stdout
-    # @return [bool]
-    def run_and_output(*args, **kwargs)
-      wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| Host.run_and_output(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # run a command in a display, capturing output
-    # @return [bool]
-    def run_and_capture(*args, **kwargs)
-      wrap_run((proc { |*a, **k| Host.run_and_capture(*a, **k) }), *args, **kwargs)
-    end
-
-    # @return [Hash] the environment variables for the display
-    def environment
-      return nil unless @existing || @enabled
-      return { "EXISTING_DISPLAY" => "YES" } if @existing
-      { "DISPLAY" => DESIRED_DISPLAY }
-    end
-
-    # On finalize, ensure child process is ended
-    def self.finalize
-      disable
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/display_manager_spec.rb b/spec/display_manager_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 60b25456..00000000
--- a/spec/display_manager_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-require "spec_helper"
-
-RSpec.describe ArduinoCI::DisplayManager do
-  context "singleton ::instance" do
-    it "produces an instance" do
-      expect(ArduinoCI::DisplayManager::instance).not_to be_nil
-    end
-  end
-
-  context "with_display" do
-    manager = ArduinoCI::DisplayManager::instance
-    manager.disable
-
-    it "Properly enables and disables when not previously enabled" do
-      expect(manager.enabled).to be false
-      manager.with_display do |environment|
-        expect(manager.enabled).to be true
-        expect(environment.class).to eq(Hash)
-        also_manager = ArduinoCI::DisplayManager::instance
-        expect(also_manager.enabled).to be true
-      end
-      expect(manager.enabled).to be false
-    end
-
-    it "Properly enables and disables when previously enabled" do
-      manager.enable
-      expect(manager.enabled).to be true
-      manager.with_display do |environment|
-        expect(manager.enabled).to be true
-        expect(environment.class).to eq(Hash)
-        also_manager = ArduinoCI::DisplayManager::instance
-        expect(also_manager.enabled).to be true
-      end
-      expect(manager.enabled).to be true
-    end
-  end
-end